欒樹種子催芽：

1、欒樹種子催芽方法

欒樹種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)皮堅硬，不(bu)易透(tou)水(shui)，如不(bu)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)催(cui)芽(ya)處理第二(er)年(nian)春(chun)播，常(chang)不(bu)發(fa)芽(ya)或(huo)發(fa)芽(ya)率很低。因(yin)此，最好當年(nian)秋季播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，讓種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)在(zai)土(tu)壤中完成(cheng)催(cui)芽(ya)階(jie)段，可(ke)省去種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)貯藏、催(cui)芽(ya)等工(gong)序(xu)，來(lai)春(chun)幼苗(miao)出(chu)土(tu)早(zao)而(er)整齊(qi)，生長健壯。但(dan)秋季播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)放(fang)置田間時間過(guo)(guo)長，播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地管(guan)理工(gong)作(zuo)較(jiao)麻煩。因(yin)此，生產上也(ye)采用(yong)層(ceng)積催(cui)芽(ya)法。選干燥、通風、陽光直(zhi)射不(bu)到的室內(冬季，北方地區干旱少雨(yu)，也(ye)可(ke)露地坑藏)，將種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)和三倍濕(shi)潤的介質(zhi)如沙(sha)、木屑、泥炭等分層(ceng)或(huo)混合(he)堆放(fang)(介質(zhi)濕(shi)潤程度(du)以用(yong)手(shou)捏(nie)可(ke)成(cheng)團(tuan)；攤手(shou)即(ji)(ji)散(san)為度(du))，堆放(fang)高度(du)50厘(li)米(mi)至(zhi)(zhi)60厘(li)米(mi)，在(zai)每平(ping)方米(mi)左右層(ceng)積床中；放(fang)一(yi)柬(jian)秫(shu)秸或(huo)竹(zhu)籠以通氣(qi)。平(ping)時，室溫控制在(zai)1℃至(zhi)(zhi)10℃，同時要勤檢(jian)查，防止(zhi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)過(guo)(guo)濕(shi)、發(fa)熱、霉爛。經(jing)100天(tian)至(zhi)(zhi)120天(tian)（正直(zhi)春(chun)季）部分種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)露白(bai)時即(ji)(ji)可(ke)播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)(zi)經(jing)層(ceng)積催(cui)芽(ya)后(hou)，出(chu)苗(miao)期(qi)短而(er)整齊(qi)，效果較(jiao)好。

2、欒樹種子播種方法

欒樹一(yi)般采(cai)用大田育苗(miao)(miao)。播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)地要土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤疏松透氣(qi)，保水(shui)(shui)和排水(shui)(shui)性能良(liang)好，具一(yi)定的肥(fei)力，無地下害(hai)蟲(chong)和病菌。春季播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)的，其播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)地最好在秋冬翻耕1遍至(zhi)3遍，以促(cu)進(jin)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤風(feng)化，蓄水(shui)(shui)保墑，消(xiao)滅雜草(cao)和病蟲(chong)；整地要平整、精細(xi)，對(dui)干(gan)旱少雨地區播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)前宜(yi)灌好底水(shui)(shui)。欒樹種(zhong)子(zi)的發芽率較低，用種(zhong)量宜(yi)大，一(yi)般每(mei)平方(fang)米(mi)(mi)需50克至(zhi)100克。采(cai)用闊幅條播(bo)(bo)(bo)，既利于幼苗(miao)(miao)通風(feng)透光，又便(bian)于管理。種(zhong)子(zi)播(bo)(bo)(bo)種(zhong)后，覆(fu)(fu)一(yi)層1厘米(mi)(mi)至(zhi)2厘米(mi)(mi)厚的疏松細(xi)碎(sui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)，以防(fang)種(zhong)子(zi)干(gan)燥失水(shui)(shui)或(huo)受鳥獸(shou)危害(hai)。然(ran)后，用草(cao)、秸(jie)稈等材(cai)料(liao)覆(fu)(fu)蓋，以提(ti)高地溫，保持(chi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤水(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)，防(fang)止雜草(cao)滋長和土(tu)(tu)(tu)壤板結。待幼苗(miao)(miao)大部分(fen)(fen)出土(tu)(tu)(tu)后，及時分(fen)(fen)批撒除覆(fu)(fu)蓋物