“十三五”期間，全國農(nong)業用(yong)水(shui)(shui)持續減(jian)少，效(xiao)率大幅(fu)提(ti)升，有效(xiao)保障了我國糧食和主要農(nong)產品高位增長(chang)。與2015年相比，農(nong)業用(yong)水(shui)(shui)量減(jian)少168.8億立方米(mi)(mi)，減(jian)少4.58%，農(nong)業用(yong)水(shui)(shui)占總用(yong)水(shui)(shui)量由63%降(jiang)低(di)到61.2%。全國農(nong)田灌溉(gai)水(shui)(shui)有效(xiao)利(li)用(yong)系數由0.52提(ti)高到0.559。據農(nong)業農(nong)村部測算，2020年我國水(shui)(shui)稻、小麥、玉米(mi)(mi)三大糧食作物(wu)化肥利(li)用(yong)率進一步(bu)提(ti)高。

農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)部種植業(ye)(ye)(ye)管理司負(fu)責人(ren)表示(shi)，“十四五”期間，將以實施(shi)鄉村(cun)(cun)振興戰略為(wei)總(zong)抓手，以綠色發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)為(wei)統(tong)領，堅持(chi)(chi)以水(shui)(shui)(shui)定地(di)、以水(shui)(shui)(shui)定種，牢(lao)固樹立“節(jie)(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)增(zeng)(zeng)產(chan)、節(jie)(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)增(zeng)(zeng)效(xiao)”理念，堅持(chi)(chi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)約與(yu)增(zeng)(zeng)效(xiao)并(bing)重、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)與(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)并(bing)重、點片(pian)示(shi)范與(yu)整體(ti)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)并(bing)重，大(da)力發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)以高(gao)效(xiao)節(jie)(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)灌(guan)(guan)溉和(he)高(gao)效(xiao)旱(han)作(zuo)(zuo)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)為(wei)支(zhi)撐的(de)節(jie)(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，加快適水(shui)(shui)(shui)種植布(bu)局調整。堅持(chi)(chi)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)與(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)保(bao)護統(tong)籌、工程措施(shi)和(he)農(nong)(nong)藝措施(shi)結(jie)合、統(tong)籌規劃(hua)和(he)試點先行(xing)并(bing)重、政府引導與(yu)市場運作(zuo)(zuo)并(bing)行(xing)的(de)原(yuan)則。同時深(shen)入推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)化(hua)肥(fei)減量(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)效(xiao)，因地(di)制(zhi)宜(yi)，創新機制(zhi)，加強組織領導、上下聯動、政策扶(fu)持(chi)(chi)、技術(shu)支(zhi)撐、宣傳培訓、法制(zhi)保(bao)障。控總(zong)量(liang)、優結(jie)構，推(tui)(tui)進(jin)(jin)(jin)化(hua)肥(fei)使(shi)用量(liang)維持(chi)(chi)在合理水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)，穩定提(ti)(ti)高(gao)化(hua)肥(fei)利(li)(li)用率。力爭到2025年，全國建設一批(pi)有特色、成(cheng)規模的(de)節(jie)(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)示(shi)范區(qu)，新增(zeng)(zeng)節(jie)(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技術(shu)推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)應用面積(ji)超過(guo)(guo)1億畝，輻射推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)超過(guo)(guo)3億畝。項目區(qu)糧(liang)食(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)平(ping)(ping)均水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)效(xiao)率提(ti)(ti)高(gao)10%，旱(han)作(zuo)(zuo)區(qu)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)利(li)(li)用率提(ti)(ti)高(gao)10%。糧(liang)食(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)平(ping)(ping)均水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)力達到1.3公斤/方，農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)灌(guan)(guan)溉用水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)在3720億立方米。測(ce)土配方施(shi)肥(fei)技術(shu)覆蓋(gai)率保(bao)持(chi)(chi)在90%以上，化(hua)肥(fei)利(li)(li)用率再提(ti)(ti)升2-3個百分(fen)(fen)點。

“十四五(wu)”期間，在發展節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)上，種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)管理(li)司將主要(yao)(yao)抓好(hao)(hao)五(wu)個(ge)方面(mian)工作：抓好(hao)(hao)統(tong)籌協調,強化(hua)(hua)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)保障(zhang)。提高(gao)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)保障(zhang)能力，加強現(xian)有大(da)(da)中(zhong)型灌(guan)區(qu)(qu)骨干工程(cheng)續建(jian)配套與(yu)節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)改造、大(da)(da)中(zhong)型灌(guan)排泵站更新(xin)改造，推(tui)進(jin)新(xin)建(jian)灌(guan)區(qu)(qu)和(he)小型農(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利工程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)，擴(kuo)大(da)(da)農(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)有效灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)面(mian)積。抓好(hao)(hao)旱(han)作農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)，充分利用天(tian)然(ran)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。重(zhong)點(dian)圍繞蓄水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、保墑(di)、集(ji)雨、節(jie)(jie)灌(guan)、抗旱(han)五(wu)大(da)(da)環節(jie)(jie)，全(quan)面(mian)提升農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)抗旱(han)能力和(he)旱(han)區(qu)(qu)生(sheng)產力。抓好(hao)(hao)科學(xue)灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)，推(tui)進(jin)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)高(gao)效用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。比如在水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)澆地灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)區(qu)(qu)依托(tuo)高(gao)效節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)，大(da)(da)力發展水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)肥一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)，開展測(ce)(ce)墑(di)科學(xue)灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)，推(tui)進(jin)精準灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)與(yu)施(shi)肥，建(jian)立與(yu)高(gao)效節(jie)(jie)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)相適(shi)應的(de)節(jie)(jie)灌(guan)高(gao)效種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)模式(shi)，大(da)(da)幅度提高(gao)灌(guan)溉(gai)(gai)(gai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)生(sheng)產效率。抓好(hao)(hao)適(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)，優化(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)度和(he)作物結構(gou)。根據水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源稟賦(fu)調整優化(hua)(hua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)結構(gou)和(he)空間布局(ju)，推(tui)進(jin)以(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)定(ding)地、量水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生(sheng)產、適(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)，擴(kuo)大(da)(da)低(di)耗水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)作物種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)積。抓好(hao)(hao)土壤(rang)(rang)墑(di)情監(jian)測(ce)(ce)，構(gou)建(jian)全(quan)國(guo)系統(tong)平臺(tai)。加快建(jian)設(she)自(zi)動土壤(rang)(rang)墑(di)情監(jian)測(ce)(ce)站點(dian)，覆蓋(gai)糧(liang)食生(sheng)產功(gong)能區(qu)(qu)和(he)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)農(nong)(nong)產品生(sheng)產保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)的(de)主要(yao)(yao)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)大(da)(da)縣。建(jian)成國(guo)家級(ji)墑(di)情監(jian)測(ce)(ce)系統(tong)平臺(tai)，實(shi)現(xian)對農(nong)(nong)田(tian)(tian)土壤(rang)(rang)墑(di)情監(jian)測(ce)(ce)站墑(di)情信息(xi)的(de)精確(que)收(shou)集(ji)，以(yi)及(ji)各(ge)類墑(di)情監(jian)測(ce)(ce)信息(xi)快速、連(lian)續綜(zong)合分析利用。

在持(chi)續推(tui)(tui)進(jin)化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)減量(liang)增效上，將重點開(kai)展(zhan)三項工作(zuo)：一是(shi)大(da)力(li)(li)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)技術集(ji)成創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。以糧食主產(chan)(chan)區、園(yuan)藝作(zuo)物(wu)優勢產(chan)(chan)區和設施(shi)蔬菜集(ji)中產(chan)(chan)區為重點，集(ji)成推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)側深施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)、種(zhong)肥(fei)(fei)同播、機(ji)械(xie)深施(shi)、水肥(fei)(fei)一體化(hua)、有(you)機(ji)替代(dai)等(deng)“減肥(fei)(fei)”增效技術模式，進(jin)一步(bu)提高科學(xue)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)水平。二(er)是(shi)大(da)力(li)(li)推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)產(chan)(chan)品新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)機(ji)具(ju)。加強農(nong)企(qi)合(he)作(zuo)力(li)(li)度，示范研發推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)專用肥(fei)(fei)、配方肥(fei)(fei)、高效緩(huan)釋肥(fei)(fei)料、生(sheng)物(wu)有(you)機(ji)肥(fei)(fei)料等(deng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)型(xing)肥(fei)(fei)料產(chan)(chan)品，積(ji)極推(tui)(tui)廣(guang)(guang)(guang)先進(jin)施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)機(ji)械(xie)。三是(shi)大(da)力(li)(li)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)組織服務(wu)(wu)(wu)機(ji)制創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)。加快(kuai)培(pei)育一批有(you)技術、有(you)實(shi)力(li)(li)的社會化(hua)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)組織，開(kai)展(zhan)統配統施(shi)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)。