1 北京西瓜優勢產區
2007年“大興(xing)(xing)西(xi)瓜(gua)”(京(jing)(jing)欣1號(hao)(hao)、京(jing)(jing)欣2號(hao)(hao)、京(jing)(jing)欣3號(hao)(hao)、航(hang)興(xing)(xing)1號(hao)(hao))獲國家質檢總局批準的地(di)理標志產品保(bao)護。大興(xing)(xing)區作為北京(jing)(jing)西(xi)瓜(gua)的主要產區,年種(zhong)植西(xi)瓜(gua)6 000 hm2(9 萬畝)左右,占北京(jing)(jing)市播種(zhong)面積(ji)的60 %以上。溫室大棚(peng)等(deng)保(bao)護地(di)面積(ji)達(da)2 667 hm2(4 萬畝)以上,其(qi)中以大棚(peng)栽培為主,90 %以上采用嫁接栽培。品種(zhong)類型(xing)(xing)有中果型(xing)(xing)西(xi)瓜(gua):京(jing)(jing)欣1號(hao)(hao)、京(jing)(jing)欣2號(hao)(hao)、京(jing)(jing)欣3號(hao)(hao)、航(hang)興(xing)(xing)1號(hao)(hao)、航(hang)興(xing)(xing)3號(hao)(hao);小果型(xing)(xing)西(xi)瓜(gua):京(jing)(jing)秀、新秀、L600、紅小帥H 等(deng)。
順義區西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)種植面積穩定在(zai)2 333 hm2(3.5 萬畝)左右,生產(chan)(chan)方(fang)式包(bao)括塑料大(da)棚(peng)(peng)、日光溫室、小(xiao)拱棚(peng)(peng)栽培、露(lu)地生產(chan)(chan)等,以大(da)棚(peng)(peng)春季生產(chan)(chan)面積最大(da)。品種類型(xing)包(bao)括中型(xing)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua):京(jing)欣(xin)2 號(hao)、京(jing)欣(xin)1 號(hao)、北農天驕等;小(xiao)型(xing)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua):紅小(xiao)帥、紅小(xiao)玉、京(jing)秀、早春紅玉、福運來、L600 等;無(wu)籽西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua):黑(hei)蜜、暑寶(bao);小(xiao)型(xing)無(wu)籽西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua):京(jing)玲-3、甜(tian)寶(bao)小(xiao)無(wu)籽、墨童、蜜童等。
2 天津西瓜優勢產區
2007 年靜海(hai)縣臺頭西瓜(gua)(gua)協會(hui)以“弘歷福(fu)”為臺頭西瓜(gua)(gua)商(shang)標(biao)進(jin)行注(zhu)冊,2011 年初(chu),通過國(guo)家了(le)質檢總局的地(di)理標(biao)志產品保護。臺頭鎮現有西瓜(gua)(gua)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)面(mian)積740 hm2(1.11 萬畝(mu)),主栽(zai)(zai)品種有中型西瓜(gua)(gua)京欣(xin)系列、大型西瓜(gua)(gua)西農8 號,主要采(cai)用春(chun)(chun)茬(cha)大棚(peng)、秋茬(cha)大棚(peng)、春(chun)(chun)茬(cha)露地(di)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)。
3 上海西瓜優勢產區
崇明縣是上海地區(qu)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)的(de)西瓜產區(qu)之一,現(xian)有面(mian)積4 832 hm2次(ci)(7.28 萬(wan)畝次(ci)),以大棚(peng)、小(xiao)環(huan)棚(peng)、地膜露地栽(zai)培為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),品種類型以中型西瓜8424、8714 為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),有少量小(xiao)型西瓜,如早春紅玉、春光等(deng)。
其他產區(qu)有(you)浦(pu)東新區(qu)(原南匯區(qu)),種植(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)3 360 hm2次(ci)(5.04 萬畝次(ci)),主要品種有(you)中型西瓜8424、京欣1 號、8714 等,小型西瓜以(yi)(yi)(yi)早(zao)春紅玉、春光(guang)等為(wei)主;金(jin)山(shan)區(qu)西瓜種植(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)為(wei)2 164 hm2(3.24萬畝)。主栽品種中型西瓜以(yi)(yi)(yi)早(zao)佳、京欣系列為(wei)主,小型西瓜以(yi)(yi)(yi)早(zao)春紅玉、春光(guang)、拿比(bi)特、小皇冠為(wei)主。
4 河北西瓜優勢產區
阜城縣西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面積6 667 hm2(10 萬(wan)(wan)畝),其(qi)中早(zao)春大(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)1 000 hm2(1.5 萬(wan)(wan)畝),小(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)4 667 hm2(7萬(wan)(wan)畝),單(dan)(dan)膜露(lu)地(di)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)1 000 hm2(1.5 萬(wan)(wan)畝)。大(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)及小(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)品(pin)種以(yi)早(zao)熟(shu)京欣(xin)類(lei)為(wei)主,單(dan)(dan)膜露(lu)地(di)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)品(pin)種以(yi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)農(nong)8號與蜜(mi)冠(guan)龍為(wei)主。石(shi)家莊新(xin)樂(le)(le)市西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)種植3 933 hm2(5.9 萬(wan)(wan)畝),采用大(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)、中小(xiao)(xiao)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)、溫室(shi)禮品(pin)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)吊蔓栽(zai)(zai)培等多種栽(zai)(zai)培形式,上(shang)(shang)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)下菜栽(zai)(zai)培大(da)(da)大(da)(da)促進(jin)了新(xin)樂(le)(le)市大(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)的(de)發展。品(pin)種類(lei)型以(yi)早(zao)熟(shu)品(pin)種為(wei)主,京欣(xin)1號、星研(yan)7號、勝欣(xin)占種植品(pin)種90 %以(yi)上(shang)(shang)。
衡水市(shi)武邑縣審坡鎮、橋頭(tou)鎮西(xi)瓜(gua)面(mian)積3 067 hm2(4.6 萬(wan)畝(mu)),主(zhu)要采用(yong)拱棚西(xi)瓜(gua)與(yu)棉花(hua)間作、大拱棚栽培(pei),栽培(pei)品種(zhong)(zhong)以京欣類型(xing)為主(zhu),如貴妃、京欣2 號、特大京欣1 號等。保(bao)定市(shi)清苑縣常年西(xi)瓜(gua)種(zhong)(zhong)植面(mian)積7 533 hm2(11.3 萬(wan)畝(mu)),其中日光溫室667 hm2(1 萬(wan)畝(mu)),大棚2 000 hm2(3 萬(wan)畝(mu)),中小拱棚4 000 hm2(6 萬(wan)畝(mu))。品種(zhong)(zhong)類型(xing)有早熟品種(zhong)(zhong)京欣1號、京欣2號,中晚熟品種(zhong)(zhong)冠龍、西(xi)農(nong)8 號。
5 山西西瓜優勢產區
太谷(gu)西(xi)瓜以其含水量(liang)大、含糖量(liang)多(duo)(duo),甜且利(li)口、清爽味美(mei)(mei)而聞名三晉,種植(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)一(yi)度(du)在全(quan)國達到最大,有(you)(you)1.73萬(wan)hm2(26 萬(wan)畝)之多(duo)(duo)。后來(lai)由于西(xi)瓜重茬問(wen)題和市場因素的(de)影響(xiang),太谷(gu)西(xi)瓜種植(zhi)面(mian)積(ji)日益縮小,現有(you)(you)栽培面(mian)積(ji)200 hm2(3 000 畝)。其他產區有(you)(you)朔州(zhou)市朔城區47 hm2(700 畝)、大同市南郊區40 hm2(600 畝)。主栽品種:西(xi)農8號、科農8號、金星、黑美(mei)(mei)人、蘭州(zhou)P2、京欣l號。主要茬口:露地、露地鋪膜直播、大棚(peng)。
6 遼寧、吉林、黑龍江西瓜優勢產區
遼寧省(sheng)新(xin)民市梁山鎮(zhen)西瓜(gua)(gua)面積(ji)5 000 hm2(7.5 萬(wan)畝),采(cai)用溫室(shi)、大(da)中(zhong)棚、大(da)拱、雙(shuang)拱、單膜5 種模式種植,避免了(le)集中(zhong)上市的弊端,品(pin)種包括(kuo)大(da)果(guo)型(xing)、小果(guo)型(xing)及無籽西瓜(gua)(gua)類型(xing),如京欣系列、地(di)雷、萬(wan)青(qing)(qing)20088,萬(wan)青(qing)(qing)6988,萬(wan)青(qing)(qing)2009 等(deng)(deng),還生(sheng)產有(you)方(fang)形(xing)西瓜(gua)(gua)、生(sheng)肖西瓜(gua)(gua)、印(yin)字西瓜(gua)(gua)等(deng)(deng)特色產品(pin)。
黑(hei)(hei)水西(xi)(xi)瓜是吉林省(sheng)洮南市的一個(ge)地(di)(di)(di)方特產,2010 年獲得中國地(di)(di)(di)理(li)標志(zhi)證明商(shang)標。白城地(di)(di)(di)區洮南市黑(hei)(hei)水鎮、四平地(di)(di)(di)區公主嶺市及梨樹(shu)縣西(xi)(xi)瓜生(sheng)產面(mian)積7 880 hm2(11.82萬(wan)畝),栽(zai)培方式包(bao)括(kuo)露(lu)地(di)(di)(di)單膜直播、露(lu)地(di)(di)(di)單雙(shuang)膜覆(fu)蓋(gai)移栽(zai)、露(lu)地(di)(di)(di)單雙(shuang)膜嫁接栽(zai)培。品種包(bao)括(kuo)早熟(shu)的京欣類型,晚熟(shu)的西(xi)(xi)農8 號及新紅(hong)寶類型。
黑龍江(jiang)哈爾濱雙城市(shi)西(xi)瓜(gua)面積(ji)4 667 hm2(7 萬畝(mu)(mu)),大部分(fen)露地直播,40 %為(wei)中晚熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong),60 %為(wei)早熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong),主(zhu)要包括(kuo)泰(tai)山(shan)1號、慶抗19、慶發12、京欣系(xi)列(lie)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)等;雙鴨山(shan)市(shi)集賢縣西(xi)瓜(gua)面積(ji)3 333 hm2(5 萬畝(mu)(mu)),90 %露地栽培,多數為(wei)中晚熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong),其他產地有牡丹江(jiang)寧安市(shi)蘭崗(gang)鎮1 000 hm2(1.5 萬畝(mu)(mu))。
7 江蘇西瓜優勢產區
2010 年東(dong)臺(tai)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)種(zhong)植面積(ji)達1.73萬(wan)hm2(26 萬(wan)畝),規模位居江(jiang)蘇第一,“東(dong)臺(tai)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)”被國家工商(shang)總局批準注冊為原產(chan)地證(zheng)明商(shang)標(biao)(biao)。在栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)上,大面積(ji)推廣了京(jing)欣(xin)2 號(hao)、8424等中果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和早(zao)春(chun)紅玉、小(xiao)(xiao)蘭、京(jing)闌(lan)等小(xiao)(xiao)果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)型(xing)(xing)(xing)優(you)良品(pin)(pin)種(zhong),采(cai)用工廠化供苗(miao)、穴盤(pan)基質(zhi)育苗(miao)、大棚多層覆蓋(gai)、微滴(di)灌等新(xin)型(xing)(xing)(xing)設施栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)技術,普及(ji)應(ying)用了溫濕度調(diao)控、整(zheng)枝壓蔓、人工授粉(fen)、疏果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)留果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)等新(xin)型(xing)(xing)(xing)適用技術,形成了東(dong)臺(tai)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)的(de)安(an)全優(you)質(zhi)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)技術體系,實(shi)現了西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)標(biao)(biao)準化生產(chan)。淮安(an)市盱眙縣西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)面積(ji)4 333 hm2(6.5 萬(wan)畝),主要采(cai)用大棚早(zao)熟(shu)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)、小(xiao)(xiao)拱棚栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)、地膜栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)、麥套瓜(gua)(gua)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)和露地栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei),品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)包括京(jing)欣(xin)、8424 類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)花皮中型(xing)(xing)(xing)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua);西(xi)(xi)(xi)農8號(hao)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)長橢圓形西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua);蘇蜜(mi)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)黑皮西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua);小(xiao)(xiao)蘭類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)禮品(pin)(pin)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua);早(zao)春(chun)紅玉類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)禮品(pin)(pin)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)。
新沂市(shi)高流鎮(zhen)、雙塘(tang)鎮(zhen)、時集鎮(zhen)西瓜(gua)面積(ji)4 333 hm2(6.5 萬畝),以早春大棚栽培(pei)、麥茬露地栽培(pei)為主,早春大棚栽培(pei)可以“一種多收”連續收獲5~6 茬瓜(gua),667 m2產量在7 000~8 000 kg,品種主要(yao)是早佳(jia)8424、臺灣小(xiao)蘭、黑美(mei)人(ren)等。
南(nan)通市如東(dong)縣(xian)(xian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)4 333 hm2(6.5 萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)),栽培(pei)方式有大(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)早(zao)(zao)春(chun)、秋延栽培(pei)、小(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)覆蓋(gai)栽培(pei)、地膜覆蓋(gai)+棉花套種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)栽培(pei),品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類型(xing)以(yi)(yi)花皮(pi)、圓(yuan)形(xing)大(da)中(zhong)果(guo)型(xing)的(de)有籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)為主(zhu),輔(fu)以(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)無籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua),如京欣(xin)系(xi)(xi)列、8424 等(deng)有籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),豫藝(yi)966、豫藝(yi)926、鄭雜新(xin)1號(hao)(hao)等(deng)無籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。南(nan)京市江寧(ning)區(qu)橫溪鎮西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)3 333 hm2(5 萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)),大(da)多采用(yong)大(da)中(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)栽培(pei)與水稻、蔬菜輪作,嫁接栽培(pei)達100 %。品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有小(xiao)(xiao)蘭、京欣(xin)1 號(hao)(hao)、早(zao)(zao)佳(jia)等(deng)。連(lian)云(yun)港市東(dong)海縣(xian)(xian)曲(qu)陽鄉(xiang)、牛山鎮西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)5 600 hm2(8.4 萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)),以(yi)(yi)大(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)栽培(pei)為主(zhu),也有一小(xiao)(xiao)部分小(xiao)(xiao)拱(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)形(xing)式栽培(pei)。品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)早(zao)(zao)佳(jia)(8424)、京欣(xin)系(xi)(xi)列、臺灣力禾(he)公司的(de)麒麟王(黃瓤)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)早(zao)(zao)春(chun)紅(hong)玉(yu)、小(xiao)(xiao)藺為主(zhu);大(da)豐市西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)5 333 hm2(8 萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)),主(zhu)要(yao)采用(yong)大(da)中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)設(she)施栽培(pei),品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)包括8482、早(zao)(zao)春(chun)紅(hong)玉(yu)、特小(xiao)(xiao)鳳、京欣(xin)系(xi)(xi)列等(deng);鹽城(cheng)市射陽縣(xian)(xian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)7 667 hm2(11.5 萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)),主(zhu)要(yao)采用(yong)設(she)施栽培(pei),品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有早(zao)(zao)春(chun)紅(hong)玉(yu)、小(xiao)(xiao)蘭等(deng)。
徐(xu)州市銅山區(qu)面積3 193 hm2(4.79 萬(wan)畝),采用(yong)日光(guang)溫室、大(da)中拱(gong)棚、露地(di)栽培,品種有京(jing)(jing)欣(xin)1 號、抗病京(jing)(jing)欣(xin)、特小鳳(feng)、早春紅玉、小蘭、抗病新紅寶、京(jing)(jing)秀等。此外還有阜寧縣(xian)香(xiang)玉牌(pai)西(xi)瓜(gua)種植基地(di)6 667 hm2(10 萬(wan)畝)、沭陽(yang)縣(xian)潼陽(yang)設施西(xi)瓜(gua)生產區(qu)1 667 hm2(2.5萬(wan)畝)。
8 浙江西瓜優勢產區
寧(ning)波(bo)市鄞州區西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)面積5 787 hm2(8.68萬(wan)畝(mu))、2001 年注冊“八戒”商標,已(yi)經形(xing)成“八戒”西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)“產、供、銷(xiao)”一體的(de)(de)產業體系。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培方式(shi)主(zhu)要采用(yong)毛竹大(da)(da)棚或鋼棚爬地(di)長季(ji)節(jie)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培,品種采用(yong)優質中果型西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)早(zao)佳(jia)8424。寧(ning)波(bo)市慈溪市西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)面積5 107 hm2(7.66萬(wan)畝(mu)),以(yi)露(lu)地(di)小(xiao)拱棚地(di)膜覆蓋(gai)爬地(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培為主(zhu),大(da)(da)棚長季(ji)節(jie)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培為輔;露(lu)地(di)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)品種主(zhu)要有(you)豐樂5 號、抗病948 等,設施西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)品種主(zhu)要有(you)早(zao)佳(jia)8424、小(xiao)蘭等。許多上規模的(de)(de)農場采用(yong)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)與青(qing)刀豆、青(qing)花菜(cai)(cai)等出口加工蔬菜(cai)(cai)輪(lun)作的(de)(de)種植模式(shi),效益(yi)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提高。
湖州市長興縣西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)面(mian)積3 607hm2(5.41萬(wan)畝),主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要采(cai)用瓜(gua)(gua)稻(dao)水旱輪(lun)作(zuo),大棚(peng)多批(pi)次采(cai)收(shou)的(de)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)方式(shi),品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)類型(xing)(xing)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要為(wei)圓果(guo)、條紋、優質的(de)中(zhong)果(guo)型(xing)(xing)8424、美都等和(he)小(xiao)果(guo)型(xing)(xing)小(xiao)蘭(lan)、早(zao)春紅(hong)玉等。臺州市溫(wen)嶺(ling)市西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)面(mian)積3 489 hm2(5.23萬(wan)畝),以(yi)(yi)(yi)毛(mao)(mao)竹(zhu)大棚(peng)三膜覆蓋(gai)全(quan)程(cheng)避雨長季(ji)節栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)早(zao)佳8424 西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。目前,溫(wen)嶺(ling)市分別在海南(nan)、廣東、廣西(xi)(xi)、江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)、云南(nan)及緬甸建立多個大棚(peng)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)生產基地,總面(mian)積達(da)1.67萬(wan)hm2(25 萬(wan)畝)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上。紹興上虞市西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)面(mian)積3 487 hm2(5.23萬(wan) 畝),以(yi)(yi)(yi)露地栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)和(he)小(xiao)拱棚(peng)地膜覆蓋(gai)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),露地西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)京欣系列、浙蜜(mi)系列、黑金剛(gang)、西(xi)(xi)農8 號為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),設施西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)早(zao)佳8424 為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。衢州市常山(shan)縣西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)面(mian)積3 400 hm2(5.1 萬(wan)畝),栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)方式(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)稻(dao)瓜(gua)(gua)輪(lun)作(zuo)、簡易(yi)毛(mao)(mao)竹(zhu)大棚(peng)長季(ji)節栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),采(cai)用“電加(jia)熱育苗、三棚(peng)四膜覆蓋(gai)、滴(di)管(guan)灌溉、平衡施肥、看蔓勢(shi)坐瓜(gua)(gua)”的(de)大棚(peng)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)長季(ji)節高產栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)模式(shi)。品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)類型(xing)(xing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)小(xiao)果(guo)型(xing)(xing)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),如拿比(bi)特、早(zao)春紅(hong)玉、蜜(mi)童、嘉年華2 號等。
9 安徽西瓜優勢產區
宿州市(shi)碭(dang)山縣(xian)是安徽(hui)西(xi)瓜(gua)生產大縣(xian),面(mian)積1.3萬hm2(20 萬畝),擁有西(xi)瓜(gua)經紀人6 800 多人,與國內10 多個(ge)大中城市(shi)的120 余個(ge)超(chao)市(shi)簽訂了農超(chao)對(dui)接協議(yi),品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)以中型果(guo)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),采用中小(xiao)拱棚、日(ri)光溫室栽培。亳州市(shi)譙城區西(xi)瓜(gua)面(mian)積1.2萬hm2(17.5 萬畝),發展(zhan)初期以新紅寶(bao)、金鐘冠(guan)龍等品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),目(mu)前主(zhu)栽品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)以京欣系(xi)列、8424 系(xi)列為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),部分地區小(xiao)型西(xi)瓜(gua)逐漸占據一(yi)定的市(shi)場份額,主(zhu)要以早(zao)春(chun)紅玉系(xi)列的秀(xiu)(xiu)麗、京秀(xiu)(xiu)以及小(xiao)蘭系(xi)列的秀(xiu)(xiu)雅、京蘭品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)結構(gou)正(zheng)逐漸由中晚熟品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)向(xiang)早(zao)熟、無籽西(xi)瓜(gua)發展(zhan),栽培方式以小(xiao)拱棚及露地栽培為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。
宿州市(shi)(shi)(shi)埇橋(qiao)區(qu)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)面積1.1萬(wan)hm2(16 萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)),蚌埠市(shi)(shi)(shi)五河(he)縣(xian)5 800 hm2(8.7 萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)),蚌埠市(shi)(shi)(shi)固鎮縣(xian)1.3萬(wan)hm2(20 萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu))、宿州市(shi)(shi)(shi)靈璧縣(xian)9 333 hm2(14 萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu))、宿州市(shi)(shi)(shi)泗縣(xian)9 333 hm2(14 萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu))、蕭縣(xian)7 600 hm2(11.4 萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu))、阜陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)阜南縣(xian)3 667 hm2(5.5 萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu))。20世(shi)紀60、70 年代以(yi)生(sheng)產馬鈴瓜(gua)為主,十(shi)一屆三中全會以(yi)后主要(yao)發展(zhan)新(xin)澄、鄭雜(za)5 號、新(xin)紅(hong)寶、金鐘冠龍等(deng)品(pin)種(zhong),之后這些品(pin)種(zhong)逐漸(jian)被西(xi)(xi)農8 號取代,目前主栽品(pin)種(zhong)以(yi)京欣系列、8424 系列為主,部(bu)分(fen)地區(qu)小(xiao)型西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)逐漸(jian)占據一定的市(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)份額,主要(yao)以(yi)早春紅(hong)玉系列的秀麗、京秀以(yi)及小(xiao)蘭系列的秀雅(ya)、京蘭品(pin)種(zhong)為主。栽培方(fang)式以(yi)小(xiao)拱(gong)棚及露地栽培為主(麥、馬鈴薯、棉套(tao)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua),西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)茬(cha)種(zhong)胡蘿卜(bu))。
肥東縣(xian)西(xi)瓜面積3 733 hm2(5.6 萬畝),栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)方(fang)式多(duo)樣,冬閑田:特早熟(shu)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei),地(di)膜覆蓋(gai)(gai)加(jia)(jia)小拱(gong)棚(peng);接(jie)油菜茬:中熟(shu)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei),地(di)膜覆蓋(gai)(gai);一般早熟(shu)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei):地(di)膜覆蓋(gai)(gai)加(jia)(jia)簡易小拱(gong)棚(peng);嫁(jia)接(jie)苗主要(yao)接(jie)油菜小麥(mai)茬,品種(zhong)類型以中早熟(shu)為主,無(wu)籽(zi)西(xi)瓜逐(zhu)漸(jian)占據一定的市場份額。早熟(shu)品種(zhong):京欣系列、綠(lv)寶系列和國甜系列;中熟(shu)品種(zhong):綠(lv)寶8 號(hao)、國抗8 號(hao)、綠(lv)寶10 號(hao)、豐抗8 號(hao)、西(xi)農8 號(hao);無(wu)籽(zi)類:皖蜜、無(wu)籽(zi)2 號(hao)、鄭(zheng)蜜5 號(hao)等。
10 福建西瓜優勢產區
長樂市(shi)春節無籽(zi)西瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)667 hm2(1 萬畝(mu)(mu)),以(yi)露(lu)地栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)為主(zhu),秋(qiu)(qiu)冬茬中小型(xing)西瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)2 000 hm2(3 萬畝(mu)(mu)),以(yi)大棚栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)為主(zhu),品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)有日本黑(hei)(hei)寶(bao)、暑寶(bao)系列。福州市(shi)連江縣(xian)西瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面(mian)積2 000 hm2(3 萬畝(mu)(mu)),露(lu)地栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)占(zhan)(zhan)40 %,小拱棚栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)占(zhan)(zhan)60 %;中小型(xing)西瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)為主(zhu),主(zhu)要(yao)有天王、黑(hei)(hei)武士、黑(hei)(hei)翡(fei)翠(cui)、綠明珠、農友黑(hei)(hei)寶(bao)、翠(cui)玲等(deng)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)。寧德市(shi)霞(xia)浦縣(xian)春季(ji)以(yi)有籽(zi)西瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)為主(zhu),面(mian)積67~133 hm2(1 000~2 000畝(mu)(mu)),秋(qiu)(qiu)季(ji)以(yi)無籽(zi)西瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)為主(zhu),播種(zhong)面(mian)積約533~667 hm2(0.8萬~1.0 萬畝(mu)(mu))。露(lu)地栽(zai)培(pei)(pei),嫁接苗(miao)占(zhan)(zhan)30 %,實生苗(miao)占(zhan)(zhan)70 %,主(zhu)栽(zai)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)農友新1號、農利1號、黑(hei)(hei)美(mei)人(ren)、新大美(mei)人(ren)。
11 山東西瓜優勢產區
菏澤市東明縣(xian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)2.7萬(wan)hm2(40 萬(wan)畝),2008 年,“東明西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)”獲(huo)得了(le)國家綠色食品(pin)(pin)(pin)認證、國家工商總局地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)證明商標(biao)注冊和農(nong)(nong)業部地(di)理標(biao)志(zhi)產品(pin)(pin)(pin)認定。栽(zai)(zai)培方式(shi):主(zhu)要是麥(mai)田套種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),瓜(gua)棉(玉米、花(hua)(hua)(hua)生)間作,一年三種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)三收。反季節栽(zai)(zai)培以小拱(gong)棚為(wei)主(zhu),兼有(you)少量(liang)的日(ri)光溫(wen)室、大拱(gong)棚等。品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)結(jie)構(gou)以大果型(xing)有(you)籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)為(wei)主(zhu),傳統種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植以黑皮(pi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)居多,但隨著近年來花(hua)(hua)(hua)皮(pi)瓜(gua)市場行情看好,花(hua)(hua)(hua)皮(pi)瓜(gua)面(mian)(mian)積(ji)迅(xun)速增(zeng)加(jia),約(yue)占西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)總面(mian)(mian)積(ji)的40 %。小型(xing)禮(li)品(pin)(pin)(pin)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)有(you)少量(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植,無籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)起步較(jiao)晚,主(zhu)栽(zai)(zai)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)鄭抗3 號(hao)、鄭抗5 號(hao),臺灣新(xin)1 號(hao)呈快速發(fa)展勢頭。品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類型(xing):早熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)主(zhu)要是花(hua)(hua)(hua)皮(pi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua),如京欣、魯(lu)青7號(hao)、豫藝早花(hua)(hua)(hua)香等。中(zhong)晚熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以大果型(xing)為(wei)主(zhu)。黑皮(pi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)有(you)河南農(nong)(nong)大豫藝系列、北(bei)京科力達(da)公司(si)的卡其(qi)五等。花(hua)(hua)(hua)皮(pi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua),橢圓形(xing)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)豐收3號(hao)、慶發(fa)12、慶農(nong)(nong)5號(hao)、新(xin)紅寶、西(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)農(nong)(nong)8號(hao)、東研9號(hao)等;高圓形(xing)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)主(zhu)要是京欣系列。
濰坊昌樂縣(xian)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面積1萬(wan)hm2(15 萬(wan)畝(mu)),全(quan)部(bu)設施栽培(pei),全(quan)縣(xian)已(yi)推廣無(wu)籽(zi)、有(you)籽(zi)兩(liang)(liang)個系列(lie),紅瓤、黃瓤兩(liang)(liang)種類型(xing),大(da)、中、小三種規格的西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)品種100 多(duo)個。近幾年,特型(xing)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)、圖形西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)和富硒保(bao)健西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)等特色西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)的生(sheng)產技(ji)術也已(yi)逐(zhu)步成熟。青州市西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面積9 000 hm2(13.5 萬(wan)畝(mu)),采用拱棚(peng)栽培(pei),品種類型(xing):京欣系列(lie)、早春紅玉、新(xin)紅寶(bao)、黑美人、特小鳳、新(xin)1 號無(wu)籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)。
禹城市西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)面積5 733 hm2(8.6 萬畝)。早春西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)推出早熟(shu)高(gao)產(chan)的新技術“五膜(mo)覆蓋(gai)法”,實現了種植“三級(ji)跳”,每千(qian)克西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)價(jia)格由(you)1.2 元(yuan)漲到1.8 元(yuan),每667 m2收入凈增(zeng)3 000 多元(yuan)。辛店鎮修(xiu)莊村(cun)在西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)上(shang)采用三膜(mo)一苫立體種植方(fang)法,充分利用空間,全(quan)村(cun)僅此一項(xiang)新技術年(nian)可增(zeng)收40 萬元(yuan)。品種類型(xing):以大中型(xing)瓜(gua)(gua)為主(zhu),小型(xing)禮(li)品西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)極少(shao)。聊城高(gao)唐縣(xian)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)面積5 333 hm2(8 萬畝),栽培方(fang)式以雙膜(mo)栽培和(he)單膜(mo)栽培為主(zhu)。近年(nian)來(lai),引進了惠農3 號、張辛張、蜜(mi)罐龍、天津(jin)綠(lv)豐(feng)等高(gao)產(chan)品種。
濟寧市(shi)泗水(shui)縣西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面(mian)積(ji)5 000 hm2(7.5 萬畝(mu)),其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)12 m大(da)棚(peng)(peng)面(mian)積(ji)2 800 hm2(4.2 萬畝(mu)),6~12 m中(zhong)(zhong)棚(peng)(peng)1 200 hm2(1.8 萬畝(mu)),1~3 m小棚(peng)(peng)600 hm2(0.9 萬畝(mu)),地(di)膜(mo)露地(di)育苗移栽和直播400 hm2(0.6 萬畝(mu))。拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)早熟栽培(pei)(pei)以京(jing)(jing)欣(xin)(xin)2號(hao)(hao)、欣(xin)(xin)喜2號(hao)(hao)為主(zhu)(zhu),雙星稍晚(wan)熟,主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)栽培(pei)(pei)在中(zhong)(zhong)小棚(peng)(peng)中(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)(qi)(qi)次有(you)(you)黑皮圣(sheng)達爾(er)、慶紅(hong)(hong)寶、豐收(shou)3號(hao)(hao)等(deng)(deng)。聊城市(shi)東昌府區西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面(mian)積(ji)3 867 hm2(5.8 萬畝(mu)),主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)采(cai)用大(da)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)下三(san)層(ceng)覆(fu)蓋栽培(pei)(pei)方式(shi)以及(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)小拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)雙膜(mo)覆(fu)蓋栽培(pei)(pei)方式(shi)。主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)栽培(pei)(pei)品(pin)種(zhong)有(you)(you)京(jing)(jing)欣(xin)(xin)、冠農、京(jing)(jing)抗(kang)2 號(hao)(hao)等(deng)(deng)。臨(lin)沂市(shi)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面(mian)積(ji)3 467 hm2(5.2 萬畝(mu)),栽培(pei)(pei)方式(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)早春(chun)三(san)膜(mo)大(da)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)—秋延遲辣椒(jiao),中(zhong)(zhong)小拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)接(jie)茬大(da)蔥、夏蘿卜、抗(kang)熱(re)白菜等(deng)(deng)。品(pin)種(zhong)類型:新疆農人、優秀(xiu)2號(hao)(hao)、陜抗(kang)、京(jing)(jing)欣(xin)(xin)系列等(deng)(deng)。濟南章(zhang)丘市(shi)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面(mian)積(ji)3 333 hm2(5 萬畝(mu)),栽培(pei)(pei)方式(shi)多樣,大(da)拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)、小拱(gong)(gong)棚(peng)(peng)、露地(di)均有(you)(you)。品(pin)種(zhong)類型:黃河鄉有(you)(you)京(jing)(jing)欣(xin)(xin)、蜜童、墨童、紅(hong)(hong)艷、冰激凌等(deng)(deng)品(pin)種(zhong),分(fen)布在大(da)沙(sha)溜區域和沿黃區域。高官(guan)寨主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)品(pin)種(zhong)有(you)(you)豐收(shou)3 號(hao)(hao)、京(jing)(jing)欣(xin)(xin)王、抗(kang)豐3 號(hao)(hao)、早春(chun)紅(hong)(hong)玉、冰激凌等(deng)(deng)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)他地(di)區主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)有(you)(you)京(jing)(jing)抗(kang)1 號(hao)(hao)、京(jing)(jing)欣(xin)(xin)1 號(hao)(hao)、雙色冰淇凌、紅(hong)(hong)燕等(deng)(deng)品(pin)種(zhong)。
12 河南西瓜優勢產區
周(zhou)口市(shi)太康縣(xian)(xian)(xian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)面積穩定(ding)在2萬(wan)hm2(30 萬(wan)畝)左右,采(cai)(cai)用小麥(mai)—西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),黑(hei)(hei)皮無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)為一(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)特(te)色,品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有農發(fa)3號(hao)(hao)(hao)、津(jin)蜜(mi)20、黑(hei)(hei)蜜(mi)5 號(hao)(hao)(hao)、珍(zhen)蜜(mi)1 號(hao)(hao)(hao);有籽(zi)(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有春(chun)光62、凱旋(xuan)。開封市(shi)通許縣(xian)(xian)(xian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)面積1.5萬(wan)hm2(23 萬(wan)畝),是河南省無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)面積最大(da)(da)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。栽培方式(shi):①小麥(mai)—西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)—棉花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(辣(la)椒)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)三(san)(san)熟種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)模(mo)式(shi)。②春(chun)馬鈴薯—無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)—秋花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椰菜一(yi)(yi)年(nian)三(san)(san)熟種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)模(mo)式(shi)。③小麥(mai)—西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)-棉花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(辣(la)椒)、玉米一(yi)(yi)年(nian)四熟種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)模(mo)式(shi)。④小麥(mai)—無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)—秋花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)椰菜一(yi)(yi)年(nian)三(san)(san)熟種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)模(mo)式(shi)、品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)類型主(zhu)要有花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)蜜(mi)3 號(hao)(hao)(hao)、花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)蜜(mi)9 號(hao)(hao)(hao)、翠寶(bao)5 號(hao)(hao)(hao)、臺新3 號(hao)(hao)(hao)、黑(hei)(hei)蜜(mi)3 號(hao)(hao)(hao)、龍(long)卷風、汴雜9 號(hao)(hao)(hao)等。周(zhou)口市(shi)扶(fu)溝縣(xian)(xian)(xian)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)面積1萬(wan)hm2(15 萬(wan)畝),采(cai)(cai)用小麥(mai)—西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生(sheng)—西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有農發(fa)3號(hao)(hao)(hao)、津(jin)蜜(mi)20、黑(hei)(hei)蜜(mi)5 號(hao)(hao)(hao)、珍(zhen)蜜(mi)1 號(hao)(hao)(hao)、翠寶(bao);有籽(zi)(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)為凱旋(xuan)。
鄭(zheng)州(zhou)市中(zhong)(zhong)牟縣西瓜(gua)面積(ji)8 667 hm2(13 萬(wan)畝),以(yi)(yi)大棚生(sheng)產為(wei)主(zhu),上市早(zao)(zao),品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)好,糖度高(gao),形成了有(you)(you)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)相(xiang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)(he),保(bao)護(hu)地(di)與露(lu)地(di)相(xiang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)(he),早(zao)(zao)、中(zhong)(zhong)、晚熟相(xiang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)(he),長、中(zhong)(zhong)、短途運輸相(xiang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)合(he)(he),花、青、黑(hei)、黃(huang)、綠色樣齊全的(de)生(sheng)產格局。并拉(la)長了市場(chang)供應時間,每年的(de)4 月份開(kai)始至(zhi)10 月份均(jun)可供應市場(chang)。種(zhong)植品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)多(duo)為(wei)無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)系(xi)列的(de)特(te)大黑(hei)蜜5 號(hao)(hao)、D-20、花蜜無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)、密玫無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)、臺(tai)灣無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)、波羅蜜;有(you)(you)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)系(xi)統如日本(ben)金(jin)(jin)麗(li)、金(jin)(jin)密、一(yi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)甘(gan)紅;以(yi)(yi)京(jing)(jing)(jing)欣(xin)系(xi)列的(de)京(jing)(jing)(jing)欣(xin)、新欣(xin)、臺(tai)灣甜(tian)(tian)王(wang)、新欣(xin)2 號(hao)(hao)、超甜(tian)(tian)王(wang)、特(te)大京(jing)(jing)(jing)欣(xin)、東洋真美等為(wei)主(zhu),還有(you)(you)國豫(yu)2 號(hao)(hao)、瓜(gua)滿甜(tian)(tian)、日本(ben)金(jin)(jin)麗(li)、日本(ben)金(jin)(jin)蜜、一(yi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)甘(gan)紅、星研7號(hao)(hao)、黃(huang)金(jin)(jin)寶(bao)、黑(hei)寶(bao)等。開(kai)封市開(kai)封縣西瓜(gua)面積(ji)6 667 hm2(10 萬(wan)畝)、栽(zai)培模(mo)式主(zhu)要是地(di)膜栽(zai)培,有(you)(you)65 %采(cai)用(yong)嫁接苗技術,品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)類(lei)型早(zao)(zao)熟品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)是京(jing)(jing)(jing)欣(xin)類(lei)型、開(kai)雜2號(hao)(hao)、鄭(zheng)抗2 號(hao)(hao);花皮無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)主(zhu)要是翠(cui)寶(bao)5號(hao)(hao)類(lei)型;黑(hei)皮無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)黑(hei)蜜5 號(hao)(hao)、黑(hei)帝;中(zhong)(zhong)晚熟品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)為(wei)龍(long)卷(juan)風、圣達爾。
安陽(yang)市湯陰縣西瓜面積保(bao)持(chi)在(zai)3 333 hm2(5 萬(wan)畝)左(zuo)右,栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)模(mo)式主要有地(di)膜(mo)覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)、小(xiao)拱棚雙(shuang)膜(mo)覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)、大棚栽(zai)培(pei)(pei),后茬主要是(shi)與棉花、送(song)辣椒、花生、玉米等作物間套種(zhong)。品種(zhong)類型(xing)主要有慶發、萬(wan)青(qing)巨寶(bao)王、江天龍、綠農12、紅蜜龍、京欣(xin)等品種(zhong)。駐馬店市確山縣西瓜面積保(bao)持(chi)在(zai)3 333 hm2(5 萬(wan)畝)左(zuo)右,采(cai)用(yong)地(di)膜(mo)覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)和(he)雙(shuang)膜(mo)(天地(di)膜(mo))覆(fu)(fu)蓋(gai)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei),品種(zhong)以高抗6 號(hao)、紅蜜龍等耐儲(chu)運大果(guo)型(xing)品種(zhong)為主。
13 湖北西瓜優勢產區
荊州市(shi)荊州區西瓜(gua)種(zhong)(zhong)植面積(ji)2萬hm2 (30萬畝),其(qi)中(zhong)露地栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)占(zhan)(zhan)83.5 %,小(xiao)拱(gong)棚雙膜覆蓋栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)占(zhan)(zhan)15.0 %,其(qi)他栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)占(zhan)(zhan)1.5 %;在栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)上逐(zhu)漸形成了無(wu)籽(zi)西瓜(gua)與麥棉套種(zhong)(zhong)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)、嫁接黑美(mei)(mei)人(ren)套棉花(hua)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)、瓜(gua)稻輪作模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)、瓜(gua)菜套種(zhong)(zhong)模(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)等;在茬(cha)口安(an)排(pai)上,春茬(cha)西瓜(gua)占(zhan)(zhan)93 %,夏秋茬(cha)西瓜(gua)占(zhan)(zhan)7 %;品種(zhong)(zhong)類(lei)(lei)型中(zhong)有籽(zi)京欣類(lei)(lei)型占(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)面積(ji)的30 %、黑美(mei)(mei)人(ren)類(lei)(lei)型占(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)面積(ji)的10 %,黑皮圓形紅肉中(zhong)大果(guo)型無(wu)籽(zi)類(lei)(lei)型占(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)面積(ji)的54 %,其(qi)他占(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)面積(ji)的6 %。
宜(yi)城市擁有西瓜面(mian)積(ji)(ji)1萬(wan)hm2 (15 萬(wan)畝),以嫁接育苗、地膜覆蓋栽培為(wei)(wei)主,小拱棚栽培為(wei)(wei)輔。栽培品種(zhong)以黑美人類(lei)型品種(zhong)為(wei)(wei)主,占西瓜面(mian)積(ji)(ji)的(de)70 %;花皮類(lei)型、無籽(zi)類(lei)型分別(bie)占10 %,其余為(wei)(wei)禮品瓜和(he)少籽(zi)瓜。
鐘祥市西瓜面(mian)積6 667 hm2 (10萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)),其中中熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)2 667 hm2(4萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)) 早(zao)熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)1 333 hm2 (2萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)),中晚(wan)熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)1 333 hm2 (2萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu))。主要栽培(pei)模式為(wei)麥—瓜—棉(mian)地膜(mo)栽培(pei),還有(you)(you)極少量大棚、小拱棚雙膜(mo)栽培(pei)。栽培(pei)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)中中熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)以(yi)紅(hong)冠龍為(wei)主;早(zao)熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)有(you)(you)安生7號(hao)、甜王7號(hao)、鄂(e)西瓜13號(hao)、超(chao)級2011等花皮圓果形的有(you)(you)籽(zi)類(lei)型,也有(you)(you)部分黑(hei)美人;中晚(wan)熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)是以(yi)鄂(e)西瓜12號(hao)、津園寶、黑(hei)優大果無籽(zi)、豐樂無籽(zi)3號(hao)為(wei)代表的無籽(zi)類(lei)型,特點是純黑(hei)皮、抗性強、瓜大、產量高。
潛(qian)江(jiang)市西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜面積4 000 hm2 (6萬畝),其(qi)中露地栽(zai)培(pei)占3 000 hm2 (4.5 萬畝),設施栽(zai)培(pei)占1 000 hm2(1.5 萬畝)。品(pin)種類型以黑皮圓(yuan)果無籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜為主,也(ye)有(you)少量花皮有(you)籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜。無籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜主要有(you)洞(dong)庭1號(hao)、黑蜜(mi)2號(hao)、鄂西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜12號(hao)、黑莎皇、農康(kang)無籽(zi)3號(hao)、黑馬王子等(deng);有(you)籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜品(pin)種主要有(you)京(jing)欣(xin)系列、早佳8424、西(xi)(xi)(xi)農8號(hao)、蜜(mi)天下、新秀、荊雜(za)18等(deng)。
武漢市蔡(cai)甸區西(xi)(xi)瓜面積3 667 hm2 (5.5萬畝),早(zao)(zao)春西(xi)(xi)瓜栽(zai)培主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)是采(cai)用五膜(mo)覆蓋、四膜(mo)覆蓋等(deng)方(fang)式(shi)。種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)模式(shi)為(wei)(wei)西(xi)(xi)瓜—藜(li)蒿(hao)、西(xi)(xi)瓜—甜(tian)玉米、瓜—棉套(tao)種(zhong)(zhong)等(deng)。品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)以(yi)韓國(guo)、日(ri)本等(deng)進口品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),包括小果(guo)(guo)型(xing)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)型(xing)和常規西(xi)(xi)瓜,其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小型(xing)西(xi)(xi)瓜以(yi)早(zao)(zao)春紅(hong)玉、拿比(bi)特、萬福來、大紅(hong)太郎等(deng)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)(guo)型(xing)西(xi)(xi)瓜品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)(wei)早(zao)(zao)佳(jia)8424,常規無籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)瓜主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)有(you)鄂(e)(e)西(xi)(xi)瓜8號(hao)(hao)、鄂(e)(e)西(xi)(xi)瓜12號(hao)(hao),有(you)籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)瓜為(wei)(wei)鄂(e)(e)西(xi)(xi)瓜13號(hao)(hao)。
松滋(zi)市西(xi)瓜(gua)面積3 453 hm2 (5.18萬畝),栽培方式主要為(wei)瓜(gua)棉套(tao)種(地膜覆蓋),還(huan)有(you)極少(shao)量大棚搭架栽培。品種類型(xing)主要有(you)黑皮圓形無籽(zi)西(xi)瓜(gua),如洞庭1號(hao)、鄂西(xi)瓜(gua)12號(hao)、滋(zi)寶1號(hao)等,輔有(you)少(shao)量花皮圓形有(you)籽(zi)西(xi)瓜(gua),如京欣系列(lie)、荊雜18、超級2011等。
仙桃市西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)面積3 433 hm2 (5.15萬(wan)畝(mu)),栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)方式(shi)包括:一(yi)是大棚(peng)(peng)春(chun)季提早(zao)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei),二是春(chun)夏(xia)露(lu)地(di)地(di)膜栽(zai)(zai)培(pei),三是棉田(tian)套種(zhong)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei),四是大棚(peng)(peng)秋延后(hou)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)。栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)品(pin)種(zhong)以有籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)為主,大棚(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)品(pin)種(zhong)有早(zao)春(chun)紅玉、黑美人等(deng),露(lu)地(di)栽(zai)(zai)培(pei)品(pin)種(zhong)有大果型黑美人、金鐘冠龍(long)、京欣2號(hao)、荊(jing)雜9號(hao)、西(xi)(xi)農8號(hao)等(deng);無籽(zi)西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)有鄂西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)8號(hao)等(deng)品(pin)種(zhong)。
洪(hong)湖市西(xi)瓜(gua)面積3 333 hm2 (5萬畝),栽(zai)(zai)培方式有瓜(gua)棉間套(tao)與地(di)膜(mo)覆蓋栽(zai)(zai)培,其中瓜(gua)棉間套(tao)是指“一(yi)瓜(gua)兩花(hua)”,即西(xi)瓜(gua)兩側各種兩行棉花(hua)。品種類型以黑(hei)(hei)皮紅瓤(rang)無(wu)籽西(xi)瓜(gua)為主,如(ru)鄂西(xi)瓜(gua)12號(hao)(hao)、洞庭1號(hao)(hao)、黑(hei)(hei)冰2號(hao)(hao)等。
石(shi)首市(shi)西瓜面積2 133 hm2 (3.2萬畝),國家工商行(xing)政(zheng)管理(li)總局(ju)商標(biao)(biao)局(ju)批準的(de)“兩湖(hu)”牌注冊(ce)商標(biao)(biao)是全(quan)國第一(yi)個(ge)以地理(li)標(biao)(biao)志命名注冊(ce)的(de)集體(ti)商標(biao)(biao)。主要(yao)采(cai)用瓜棉套種(zhong)、瓜稻輪作等(deng)露地栽培(pei)方式,品(pin)種(zhong)類型有(you)鄂西瓜8號(hao)、鄂西瓜12號(hao)、黑冰(bing)2號(hao)、黑馬王子、洞庭系列(lie)、鄭雜系列(lie)。
14 湖南西瓜優勢產區
永(yong)州市(shi)冷水灘區西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)面積6 667 hm2 (10萬畝)以上,采用地膜覆蓋稀植栽培(pei),品種(zhong)類型(xing)有黑美人(ren)系(xi)列及佳麗(li)、佳寶、麒(qi)麟(lin)瓜(gua)(gua)等。永(yong)州市(shi)祁陽縣(xian)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)面積3 333 hm2 (5萬畝)以上,以露地栽培(pei)為主,搭(da)配大(da)棚種(zhong)植示范,5年(nian)前開(kai)始發展種(zhong)植黑美人(ren)系(xi)列,3年(nian)前開(kai)始發展種(zhong)植禮品西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)。現黑美人(ren)占(zhan)(zhan)70 %,普通瓜(gua)(gua)占(zhan)(zhan)20 %,禮品瓜(gua)(gua)占(zhan)(zhan)10 %。常(chang)德市(shi)鼎城(cheng)區西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)面積4 000 hm2 (6萬畝),以露地栽培(pei)為主,少量大(da)棚栽培(pei),品種(zhong)包括有籽(zi)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua):紅冠龍、秦紅208、地雷王(wang);無籽(zi)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua):黑馬王(wang)子、洞(dong)庭1號(hao)、黑蜜5號(hao)。
懷化市麻陽苗族自(zi)治(zhi)縣西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面積3 333 hm2 (5萬(wan)畝),采用地膜覆蓋(gai)栽培和(he)大(da)棚架式栽培。品(pin)(pin)種類型有無籽西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua):邵陽新選全新花皮無籽、邵陽花皮無籽西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)、新疆的亞克西(xi)(xi)(xi)2號、花蜜(mi)6號、農(nong)博花蜜(mi)王、翠寶5號,有籽西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua):西(xi)(xi)(xi)農(nong)8號、西(xi)(xi)(xi)農(nong)9號、蜜(mi)桂、富田巨星2008,禮品(pin)(pin)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua):紅小(xiao)玉、黃(huang)小(xiao)玉、黑(hei)美人。
邵(shao)(shao)陽市邵(shao)(shao)陽縣西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面積2 200 hm2 (3.3萬畝(mu)(mu)),以露地粗放栽(zai)培(pei)為(wei)主,設(she)施栽(zai)培(pei)面積不到667 hm2 (1萬畝(mu)(mu))。品種(zhong)類型(xing)有(you)無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua):雪峰304、花皮(pi)無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)(zi),有(you)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua):西(xi)(xi)(xi)農(nong)(nong)8號(hao)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)農(nong)(nong)9號(hao),禮品瓜(gua)(gua)(gua):黑(hei)美人、黃小玉(yu)。邵(shao)(shao)陽市邵(shao)(shao)東縣西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面積2 000 hm2 (3萬畝(mu)(mu)),栽(zai)培(pei)方式(shi)有(you)地膜覆蓋露地栽(zai)培(pei)和大棚(peng)設(she)施栽(zai)培(pei)。品種(zhong)類型(xing):無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)以304、花皮(pi)無(wu)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)、洞庭1號(hao)為(wei)主,有(you)籽(zi)(zi)(zi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)以蜜桂、西(xi)(xi)(xi)農(nong)(nong)8號(hao)、西(xi)(xi)(xi)農(nong)(nong)9號(hao)、浙蜜1號(hao)、京欣1號(hao)為(wei)主,大棚(peng)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)以早佳8424 為(wei)主。衡陽縣西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面積1 733 hm2 (2.6萬畝(mu)(mu)),采用西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)—晚稻,棉瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)套(tao)種(zhong),西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)—蔬(shu)菜(cai),西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)—油菜(cai),西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)—西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)等栽(zai)培(pei)模式(shi)。
15 海南西瓜優勢產區
文昌市西(xi)瓜(gua)面積3 333 hm2 (5.0萬畝),無籽西(xi)瓜(gua)嫁接栽培、膜下微(wei)噴灌、水肥(fei)一(yi)體化等(deng)技術的普遍應用是該產區的特(te)色(se)。栽培方式中(zhong)露地(di)爬地(di)栽培占(zhan)95 %,小(xiao)拱(gong)棚爬地(di)栽培占(zhan)5 %。品種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)中(zhong)早中(zhong)熟代(dai)表品種(zhong):早佳8424;中(zhong)晚熟代(dai)表品種(zhong):風光1號(hao);無籽西(xi)瓜(gua)代(dai)表品種(zhong):農友(you)新(xin)(xin)1號(hao)、創(chuang)利(li)1 號(hao)、林優新(xin)(xin)1號(hao)等(deng);小(xiao)型(xing)西(xi)瓜(gua)代(dai)表品種(zhong):黑美人(ren)、蜜童(tong)、墨(mo)童(tong)等(deng)。新(xin)(xin)1號(hao)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)品種(zhong)占(zhan)70 %,黑美人(ren)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)品種(zhong)占(zhan)20 %,其他品種(zhong)占(zhan)10 %。
萬(wan)寧市(shi)(shi)西瓜(gua)(gua)面積2 667 hm2 (4.0萬(wan)畝),產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)主要在3月供應全國西瓜(gua)(gua)市(shi)(shi)場。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)方式中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)露(lu)(lu)地(di)爬(pa)(pa)地(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)90 %,小拱(gong)棚爬(pa)(pa)地(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)10 %。近(jin)幾年萬(wan)寧西瓜(gua)(gua)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)出現(xian)以下發展(zhan)趨勢:露(lu)(lu)地(di)西瓜(gua)(gua)由沙灘地(di)種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)向(xiang)水(shui)田種(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)發展(zhan);設施(shi)(shi)西瓜(gua)(gua)由水(shui)田栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)向(xiang)沙灘地(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)發展(zhan),平(ping)頂網棚栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)面積將逐(zhu)步加大;露(lu)(lu)地(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)由稀植(zhi)向(xiang)密植(zhi)發展(zhan),并逐(zhu)步向(xiang)半設施(shi)(shi)化或全設施(shi)(shi)化栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)發展(zhan),設施(shi)(shi)化水(shui)平(ping)進(jin)一步提高。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)1號(hao)(hao)類型(xing)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)60 %,黑美(mei)(mei)(mei)人(ren)類型(xing)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)20 %,其他品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)20 %。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)早(zao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)熟代(dai)(dai)表(biao)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong):早(zao)佳(jia)8424;中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)晚(wan)熟代(dai)(dai)表(biao)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong):風光(guang)1號(hao)(hao);無籽西瓜(gua)(gua)代(dai)(dai)表(biao)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong):農友新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)1號(hao)(hao)、創利(li)1號(hao)(hao)、林(lin)優新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)1號(hao)(hao)等(deng);小型(xing)西瓜(gua)(gua)代(dai)(dai)表(biao)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong):黑美(mei)(mei)(mei)人(ren)、蜜(mi)(mi)童(tong)、金蜜(mi)(mi)童(tong)等(deng)。東方市(shi)(shi)西瓜(gua)(gua)面積2 333 hm2 (3.5萬(wan)畝),產品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)主要在11~12 月供應全國西瓜(gua)(gua)市(shi)(shi)場。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)方式中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)露(lu)(lu)地(di)爬(pa)(pa)地(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)90 %,小拱(gong)棚爬(pa)(pa)地(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)10 %。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)1號(hao)(hao)類型(xing)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)70 %,黑美(mei)(mei)(mei)人(ren)類型(xing)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)20 %,其他品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)占(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)10 %。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)晚(wan)熟代(dai)(dai)表(biao)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)風光(guang)1號(hao)(hao);無籽西瓜(gua)(gua)代(dai)(dai)表(biao)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)農友新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)1號(hao)(hao)、創利(li)1號(hao)(hao)、林(lin)優新(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)1號(hao)(hao)等(deng);小型(xing)西瓜(gua)(gua)代(dai)(dai)表(biao)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)黑美(mei)(mei)(mei)人(ren)、蜜(mi)(mi)童(tong)、墨童(tong)等(deng)。
樂(le)東黎族(zu)自(zi)治縣(xian)西瓜面積2 000 hm2 (3.0萬畝),產品(pin)在(zai)12月供(gong)應全(quan)(quan)國(guo)西瓜市場(chang),在(zai)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)冬春季西瓜市場(chang)供(gong)應中占有(you)(you)極其重要(yao)的地位。主要(yao)栽培(pei)(pei)方式為(wei)露地爬地栽培(pei)(pei)。栽培(pei)(pei)品(pin)種(zhong)包(bao)括中晚熟(shu)品(pin)種(zhong)、無(wu)籽(zi)和(he)小型(xing)西瓜,其中,中晚熟(shu)代表品(pin)種(zhong)有(you)(you)風光1號;小型(xing)西瓜代表品(pin)種(zhong)有(you)(you)黑美人、墨(mo)童等(deng)(deng)。無(wu)籽(zi)西瓜代表品(pin)種(zhong)有(you)(you)農友新(xin)(xin)1號、創利1 號、林優新(xin)(xin)1號等(deng)(deng)。
陵水(shui)黎族(zu)自治縣西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面積(ji)(ji)2 000 hm2(3.0萬畝),是海南冬季(ji)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)的主產(chan)區(qu),為每年1~2 月全國(guo)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)市場(chang)的主要(yao)(yao)供(gong)應地(di)(di)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)方(fang)式中(zhong)露(lu)(lu)地(di)(di)爬(pa)地(di)(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)占(zhan)80 %,小(xiao)拱棚爬(pa)地(di)(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)占(zhan)20 %。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)中(zhong)新(xin)1號(hao)(hao)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)占(zhan)70 %,黑(hei)美(mei)(mei)人(ren)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)占(zhan)20 %,其他(ta)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)占(zhan)10 %。早(zao)(zao)中(zhong)熟(shu)代(dai)表品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong):早(zao)(zao)佳8424;無(wu)籽西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)代(dai)表品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong):農友(you)新(xin)1號(hao)(hao)、創利1號(hao)(hao)、林優新(xin)1號(hao)(hao)等;中(zhong)晚熟(shu)代(dai)表品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong):風光1號(hao)(hao);小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)代(dai)表品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong):黑(hei)美(mei)(mei)人(ren)、蜜(mi)童(tong)(tong)(tong)、墨(mo)童(tong)(tong)(tong)等。三亞西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)面積(ji)(ji)1 333 hm2 (2.0萬畝),也(ye)是海南冬季(ji)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)的主產(chan)區(qu),為每年1月全國(guo)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)市場(chang)的主要(yao)(yao)供(gong)應地(di)(di)。栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)方(fang)式中(zhong)露(lu)(lu)地(di)(di)爬(pa)地(di)(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)占(zhan)90 %,小(xiao)拱棚爬(pa)地(di)(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)占(zhan)10 %。 栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)中(zhong)新(xin)1號(hao)(hao)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)占(zhan)70 %,黑(hei)美(mei)(mei)人(ren)類型(xing)(xing)(xing)占(zhan)20 %,其他(ta)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)占(zhan)10 %。早(zao)(zao)中(zhong)熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong):早(zao)(zao)佳8424;中(zhong)晚熟(shu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong):風光1號(hao)(hao); 無(wu)籽西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong):農友(you)新(xin)1號(hao)(hao)、創利1號(hao)(hao)、林優新(xin)1號(hao)(hao)等;小(xiao)型(xing)(xing)(xing)西(xi)(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong):黑(hei)美(mei)(mei)人(ren)、蜜(mi)童(tong)(tong)(tong)、墨(mo)童(tong)(tong)(tong)等。
16 四川西瓜優勢產區
德陽市(shi)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)面積1 553 hm2 (2.3萬(wan)畝(mu)),露(lu)(lu)(lu)地(di)(di)(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)占(zhan)(zhan)85 %,大(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)占(zhan)(zhan)15 %。資(zi)陽市(shi)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)面積4 467 hm2 (6.7萬(wan)畝(mu)),以露(lu)(lu)(lu)地(di)(di)(di)育苗(miao)移(yi)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)有京欣(xin)系列、早(zao)佳8424、黃小(xiao)玉、紅小(xiao)玉。近(jin)年(nian)來有少(shao)數江浙地(di)(di)(di)區(qu)的瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)農(nong)在資(zi)陽市(shi)種(zhong)植(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua),采果期(qi)提前20多天(tian)(tian),并可延長收獲(huo)期(qi)60多天(tian)(tian),效益(yi)是(shi)露(lu)(lu)(lu)地(di)(di)(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)的3倍。本地(di)(di)(di)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)農(nong)以大(da)(da)(da)果型(xing)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),江浙瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)農(nong)租地(di)(di)(di)發展的西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)以小(xiao)果型(xing)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),主(zhu)(zhu)要有口(kou)口(kou)脆(cui)等(deng)。自(zi)貢市(shi)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)面積3 333 ~ 4 000 hm2 (5萬(wan)~6 萬(wan)畝(mu)),采用大(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei) 、地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)覆(fu)蓋栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)、 地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)+小(xiao)拱(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)覆(fu)蓋栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)三種(zhong)方(fang)式(shi),并逐步形成了大(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)復種(zhong)反(fan)季節小(xiao)紅椒(jiao)(jiao)、小(xiao)拱(gong)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)復種(zhong)秋(qiu)豇豆、地(di)(di)(di)膜(mo)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)套種(zhong)秋(qiu)辣椒(jiao)(jiao)等(deng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)模式(shi)。品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)有京欣(xin)1號、早(zao)佳8424。成都市(shi)青白江區(qu)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)面積267 hm2 (4 000畝(mu)),栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)方(fang)式(shi)有大(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)、小(xiao)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei)與露(lu)(lu)(lu)地(di)(di)(di)栽(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)(pei),品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)型(xing)包括禮品(pin)(pin)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)、常(chang)規西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)與無籽(zi)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)。大(da)(da)(da)棚(peng)(peng)(peng)(peng)基(ji)本種(zhong)植(zhi)禮品(pin)(pin)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua),露(lu)(lu)(lu)地(di)(di)(di)以常(chang)規西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu),輔以少(shao)量無籽(zi)西(xi)瓜(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)(gua)。
17 貴州西瓜優勢產區
黃平縣新州鎮西(xi)瓜面積1 667 hm2 (2.5萬畝),以無(wu)籽(zi)西(xi)瓜為主,有籽(zi)西(xi)瓜為輔(fu)。無(wu)籽(zi)西(xi)瓜主栽(zai)(zai)品(pin)種有雪峰花皮(pi)(pi)、全新花皮(pi)(pi)、特大花皮(pi)(pi)、黑馬王子等(deng)(deng);有籽(zi)西(xi)瓜主栽(zai)(zai)品(pin)種有極品(pin)慶(qing)農(nong)5號、慶(qing)農(nong)神田5號、神田8號、精選(xuan)慶(qing)農(nong)5號、地雷王等(deng)(deng)。栽(zai)(zai)培方式為露地地膜覆蓋(gai)栽(zai)(zai)培。
18 甘肅西瓜優勢產區
慶陽市寧縣(xian)西(xi)瓜面積9 733 hm2 (14.6 萬畝),晚(wan)秋西(xi)瓜生產(chan)已經成為該區農(nong)民發(fa)家致富的(de)一條有效途徑,種植季節安(an)排在4月中下(xia)旬(xun),上市期主(zhu)要集中在8~9 月。采用高壟覆(fu)膜栽培,品種主(zhu)要分(fen)為3個類型:以(yi)隴(long)抗9號(hao)、金城5號(hao)、臺灣(wan)黑(hei)寶等(deng)大果(guo)型西(xi)瓜為主(zhu)的(de)晚(wan)秋西(xi)瓜;以(yi)黑(hei)美人、鄭(zheng)抗2008無籽西(xi)瓜為主(zhu)的(de)高價值(zhi)西(xi)瓜;在蘋(pin)果(guo)幼齡果(guo)園以(yi)早熟西(xi)農(nong)8號(hao)為主(zhu)。
蘭州(zhou)市(shi)皋蘭縣西瓜面積2 000 hm2 (3 萬畝),主要(yao)栽(zai)培方式有日光溫(wen)室、高架 大棚、小拱棚及砂田栽(zai)培,品種類型有京欣系(xi)列、隴抗(kang)(kang)9號、豐抗(kang)(kang)8號、西農(nong)8號等。
19 青海西瓜優勢產區
青(qing)海省民和(he)縣——民和(he)隆泉旱沙西(xi)瓜(gua)種(zhong)(zhong)植農(nong)民專業合作社種(zhong)(zhong)植西(xi)瓜(gua)233 hm2 (3 500畝),主要采用(yong)砂(sha)田(tian)露地覆膜栽(zai)培、砂(sha)田(tian)小(xiao)拱棚和(he)砂(sha)田(tian)塑(su)料(liao)大棚(兩膜一砂(sha))栽(zai)培模式。品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)類型(xing)有西(xi)農(nong)8號和(he)金城5號。
20 內蒙古西瓜優勢產區
通遼(liao)市奈曼旗(qi)西瓜種(zhong)植面積達(da)到1.4萬(wan)hm2 (21萬(wan)畝),其(qi)中(zhong)無籽(zi)(zi)西瓜有1.3萬(wan)hm2 (20 萬(wan)畝),現(xian)已成(cheng)為內(nei)蒙古地區乃(nai)至全國最大的(de)沙地無籽(zi)(zi)西瓜生產基地。栽(zai)(zai)培方式為人(ren)工移栽(zai)(zai)定植,品種(zhong)類型(xing)以(yi)無籽(zi)(zi)西瓜為主,搭(da)配種(zhong)植有籽(zi)(zi)西瓜。
21 寧夏西瓜優勢產區
寧夏(xia)(中(zhong)衛市、中(zhong)寧縣(xian)(xian)、海原(yuan)縣(xian)(xian))壓(ya)(ya)砂(sha)(sha)西瓜栽培(pei)面積近7.2萬(wan)(wan)hm2 (108萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)),注(zhu)冊有“香山(shan)硒砂(sha)(sha)瓜”“香山(shan)綠(lv)豪”“香巖寶”三個商標(biao),在2007年被認(ren)證為有機轉換產(chan)品。栽培(pei)方式(shi)包(bao)括:壓(ya)(ya)砂(sha)(sha)地,壓(ya)(ya)砂(sha)(sha)地+覆(fu)(fu)膜(mo),壓(ya)(ya)砂(sha)(sha)地+覆(fu)(fu)膜(mo)+小拱棚(peng),壓(ya)(ya)砂(sha)(sha)地+覆(fu)(fu)膜(mo)+大拱棚(peng)。品種類型有金城5號、西農8號、寧農科(ke)1號。
寧夏吳忠市馬家湖村馬興西(xi)瓜種(zhong)植協會種(zhong)植西(xi)瓜1萬hm2 (15 萬畝),以露地(di)覆膜+小(xiao)拱棚或大拱棚栽培(pei)為(wei)主,品(pin)種(zhong)類(lei)型有金城1號、黑(hei)牡丹、小(xiao)鈴、黑(hei)美人,其(qi)中(zhong)以金城1號栽培(pei)面積最大,占80 %。
22 廣西西瓜優勢產區
扶(fu)綏縣是廣(guang)西西瓜“南(nan)瓜北運”重(zhong)要的(de)生產基(ji)地,產區(qu)面積2.1萬hm2 (31萬畝(mu))。栽(zai)培方式:春茬為地膜(mo)+小(xiao)(xiao)拱棚(peng)栽(zai)培,秋(qiu)茬為地膜(mo)露地栽(zai)培。品種類型以黑美人、小(xiao)(xiao)麒麟(lin)等早熟品種為主,其(qi)中黑美人占60 %,小(xiao)(xiao)麒麟(lin)占30 %,其(qi)他為10 %。
南(nan)寧市江南(nan)區西(xi)(xi)瓜種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積(ji)逾2萬hm2(30萬畝)。保護地栽(zai)培采用保溫(wen)大棚、雙膜覆蓋、滴(di)灌節水、吊瓜密(mi)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi);露地栽(zai)培采用工廠化(hua)生產(chan)嫁接苗(miao),雙膜覆蓋保溫(wen)、集雨、除草(cao)栽(zai)培,與(yu)糖料蔗套種(zhong)。種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品種(zhong)有(you)大型(xing)有(you)籽瓜、小型(xing)有(you)籽瓜、大型(xing)無籽瓜和小型(xing)無籽瓜四(si)個(ge)系列,主要種(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品種(zhong)分(fen)別有(you)新紅寶、特大新紅寶;小麒(qi)麟、黑(hei)美人、小玲、桂系3號(hao);廣西(xi)(xi)3號(hao)、廣西(xi)(xi)6號(hao);蜜(mi)童、帥童等。
崇左市(shi)江州(zhou)區(qu)西瓜(gua)面積(ji)6 667 hm2 (10萬畝),90 %采取甘蔗、木薯間套種模(mo)式,成為農民增收的一(yi)大亮點。栽培方式采用地(di)膜+小(xiao)拱棚(peng)栽培,品種類型以(yi)早(zao)熟西瓜(gua)小(xiao)麒(qi)麟、黑美人、花(hua)麒(qi)麟為主(zhu)。
梧(wu)州市藤縣(xian)西瓜面積4 533 hm2 (6.8萬畝),春(chun)茬采(cai)取地(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)+小拱棚雙膜(mo)(mo)覆蓋栽培,秋茬采(cai)取地(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)覆蓋露地(di)(di)栽培。品種類(lei)型以廣西3號、豐樂1號、特新1號、西域1號等(deng)無籽(zi)西瓜為主(zhu)。
北海市西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)面積5 333 hm2 (8.0 萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu)),小拱棚(peng)栽(zai)培,采用(yong)膜下滴灌水(shui)肥一(yi)體化栽(zai)培技術(shu),有效減少(shao)勞動力成本,提(ti)高水(shui)肥利(li)用(yong)率(lv),效果顯(xian)著。品種(zhong)類型以無(wu)籽西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)廣(guang)西(xi)(xi)3號(hao)、農優新1號(hao)為主,種(zhong)植面積3 333 hm2 (5.0萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu))。早熟西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)以黑美人為主,約2 000 hm2 (3.0 萬(wan)畝(mu)(mu))。
23 江西西瓜優勢產區
撫州市(shi)臨川西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)主產區面積(ji)8 000 hm2 (12萬畝),以春(chun)季大棚、小拱棚育苗、地膜覆蓋(gai)、露地栽培為主,品種類型中無籽西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)約占(zhan)70 %,小型西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)約占(zhan)20 %,中果型西(xi)(xi)瓜(gua)占(zhan)10 %。主栽品種有鄭(zheng)抗5號(hao)、黑(hei)蜜5號(hao)、特佳、早冠王、黑(hei)美人、早春(chun)紅(hong)玉、早佳8424、雅晶。
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2019-08-09綜合資訊最新資訊
農業農村部緊急部署第9號臺風“利奇馬”防御工作
據中央氣象臺預報,今年第9號臺風“利奇馬”目前位于我國浙江省象山南偏東方向洋面上,將向西北方向移動,強度逐漸增強,10日凌晨到中午在浙江沿海登陸(臺風或強臺風級),也可能在浙江近海北上。
2019-08-09綜合資訊最新資訊
山西推動農業服務業高質量發展
【山西推動農業服務業高質量發展】日前,全國首個《農業生產托管服務規范》(以下簡稱《規范》)地方標準在山西發布。該《規范》將于2019年8月25日實施。《規范》從醞釀到出臺,歷時一年。
2019-08-08綜合資訊國內農業
山西推動農業服務業高質量發展
【山西推動農業服務業高質量發展】日前,全國首個《農業生產托管服務規范》(以下簡稱《規范》)地方標準在山西發布。該《規范》將于2019年8月25日實施。《規范》從醞釀到出臺,歷時一年。
2019-08-08綜合資訊國內農業
中國停購美農產品打擊美農業
【中國停購美農產品打擊美農業】據路透社6日報道,中國商務部當天宣布中國企業已經暫停購買美國農產品,這會沖擊美國農業,令本已在中美經貿摩擦中吃盡苦頭的美國農民的生活更加雪上加霜。
2019-08-08綜合資訊國際農業
中國停購美農產品打擊美農業
【中國停購美農產品打擊美農業】據路透社6日報道,中國商務部當天宣布中國企業已經暫停購買美國農產品,這會沖擊美國農業,令本已在中美經貿摩擦中吃盡苦頭的美國農民的生活更加雪上加霜。
2019-08-08綜合資訊國際農業
讓新農人創造更多產業增值收益
【讓新農人創造更多產業增值收益】“新農人”對于發展現代農業、實施鄉村振興戰略具有重要意義。近年來,政府出臺了一系列政策措施鼓勵培養“新農人”和吸引人才返鄉創業創新。
2019-08-08綜合資訊農業資訊