甜菜花葉病的病原菌

Beet mosaoc virus 屬馬鈴薯(shu)Y病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)組的(de)甜菜(cai)花(hua)葉病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)粒體線(xian)狀，大小(xiao)(xiao)730×13納(na)米。在甜菜(cai)汁液中，病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)熱鈍(dun)化點(dian)為55－60℃，稀釋限點(dian)10的(de)－3次方，20℃下體外(wai)存活期24－48小(xiao)(xiao)時，在甜菜(cai)葉片內－20℃保(bao)(bao)(bao)存一年(nian)仍(reng)有侵染力。病(bing)(bing)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)含單鏈RNA，可(ke)(ke)由蚜(ya)(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)作非持久性傳(chuan)(chuan)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，亦可(ke)(ke)汁液接(jie)觸傳(chuan)(chuan)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。種(zhong)子(zi)不帶毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，菟絲子(zi)也不能傳(chuan)(chuan)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。有28種(zhong)蚜(ya)(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)可(ke)(ke)傳(chuan)(chuan)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，以桃蚜(ya)(ya)、豆(dou)蚜(ya)(ya)為主要(yao)田間(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)蚜(ya)(ya)蟲(chong)(chong)。獲毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和(he)接(jie)種(zhong)的(de)無翅蚜(ya)(ya)保(bao)(bao)(bao)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)時間(jian)(jian)不到(dao)1小(xiao)(xiao)時，有翅蚜(ya)(ya)保(bao)(bao)(bao)毒(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)時間(jian)(jian)為4小(xiao)(xiao)時。

甜菜花葉病的寄主范圍 甜菜、菠菜、以及藜科、莧科植物。
 
甜菜花葉病的發生規律 冬季病毒(du)在(zai)甜菜母根及菠菜體(ti)內(nei)越冬，成為第二年初次(ci)侵染源(yuan)；春季蚜蟲為害后即可把病毒(du)傳至健(jian)株(zhu)。氣溫(wen)在(zai)10℃以下或21℃以上癥狀不明(ming)顯。

甜菜花葉病的分布與危害 各甜菜產區。

甜菜花葉病的防治方法 消滅帶毒蚜蟲。可(ke)用(yong)40%氧化樂果乳(ru)油(you)的800倍液噴霧(wu)，或用(yong)2.5%敵殺(sha)死乳(ru)油(you)、20%速滅殺(sha)丁乳(ru)油(you)的4000倍液噴霧(wu)。